LOS ANGELES (CNS) - UCLA researchers are studying how veterinarians and other animal health care workers might be at risk for contracting COVID-19 and other pathogens that can be spread from animals to humans, the university announced today.
Scientists at UCLA's Fielding School of Public Health are conducting the COVID-19 epidemiology study to understand occupational exposure to the virus, according to team leader Anne Rimoin, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health professor of epidemiology and director of the UCLA Center for Global and Immigrant Health.
“Zoonoses are infectious diseases that spread from animals to humans. They are very common, both in the United States and around the world,'' said Rimoin, who is also leading a similar study of health care workers and first responders in Los Angeles County. “It is estimated that six out of every 10 known infectious pathogens in humans are zoonotic in origin, and three out of four emerging infectious diseases come from animals.''
To date there are seven documented coronaviruses that infect humans that have zoonotic origins, including SARS-CoV-1, which was identified in 2003; MERS, which was identified in 2012; and most recently, SARS-CoV-2, better known as COVID-19. Other recently emerging zoonotic pathogens include highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and Nipah virus, the university reported.
“As we have already seen with SARS-CoV-1, MERS and now SARS-CoV-2, emerging zoonotic pathogens have the potential to cause serious impacts to human health around the world as well as to the strength of the global economy,'' Rimoin said. “That's why this research is so critical right now; we urgently need to better understand which activities put us at highest risk for infection with these pathogens and propagate transmission from animal species to humans.''
The study of animal health care workers consists of a baseline questionnaire and monthly follow-up surveys assessing demographic information, potential clinical exposures to SARS-CoV-2, occupational risk factors for COVID-19 and other zoonotic diseases, mental health, and pandemic preparedness.
“Along with SARS-CoV-2, we hope to eventually expand the study to understand exposure to other coronaviruses and zoonotic pathogens,'' Rimoin said. “This is an element of what should be a very focused effort at pandemic prevention as part of the response to COVID-19; these emerging threats are not going to disappear -- if anything, the risks are only going to increase because of other global threats, including climate change.''